Journal of Interventional Cardiology

Research Article

Comparison of First- and Second-Generation Drug-Eluting Stents in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction and Prediabetes Based on the Hemoglobin A1c Level

Table 1

Baseline clinical, laboratory, and procedural characteristics.


Variables	All patients			Propensity score-matched patients
Variables	1G-DES (n = 726)	2G-DES (n = 4271)	value	1G-DES (n = 698)	2G-DES (n = 698)	value

Age (years)	63.8 ± 12.1	64.2 ± 12.4	0.464	63.9 ± 12.0	63.7 ± 12.8	0.814
Men, n (%)	535 (73.7)	3169 (74.2)	0.773	516 (73.9)	520 (74.5)	0.854
LVEF (%)	52.6 ± 12.4	52.4 ± 11.2	0.798	52.7 ± 12.54	52.4 ± 11.5	0.618
BMI (kg/m²)	24.1 ± 3.1	24.1 ± 3.3	0.854	24.1 ± 2.9	24.1 ± 3.1	0.927
SBP (mmHg)	133.7 ± 24.8	132.3 ± 25.2	0.150	133.2 ± 24.2	134.1 ± 25.5	0.502
DBP (mmHg)	82.0 ± 14.5	80.1 ± 15.0	0.003	81.5 ± 13.9	81.6 ± 15.7	0.866
STEMI, n (%)	405 (55.8)	2442 (57.2)	0.484	391 (56.0)	394 (56.4)	0.871
Primary PCI, n (%)	376/405 (92.8)	2346/2442 (96.1)	0.003	363/391 (92.8)	371/394 (94.2)	0.452
NSTEMI, n (%)	321 (44.2)	1829 (42.8)	0.484	307 (44.0)	304 (43.6)	0.871
PCI within 24 hours	246/321 (76.6)	1563/1829 (85.5)	<0.001	239/307 (77.9)	239/304 (78.6)	0.818
CPR on admission	17 (2.3)	181 (4.2)	0.013	17 (2.4)	16 (2.3)	0.860
Hypertension, n (%)	362 (49.9)	2087 (48.9)	0.619	351(50.3)	346 (49.6)	0.789
Dyslipidemia, n (%)	70 (9.6)	503 (11.8)	0.095	70 (10.0)	72 (10.3)	0.859
Previous MI, n (%)	20 (2.8)	131 (3.1)	0.649	19 (2.7)	15 (2.1)	0.603
Previous PCI, n (%)	41 (5.6)	228 (5.3)	0.733	40 (5.7)	33 (4.7)	0.471
Previous CABG, n (%)	3 (0.4)	13 (0.3)	0.631	3 (0.4)	2 (0.3)	0.654
Previous CVA, n (%)	45 (6.2)	253 (5.9)	0.773	43 (6.2)	37 (5.3)	0.565
Previous HF, n (%)	8 (1.1)	48 (1.1)	0.959	8 (1.1)	5 (0.7)	0.579
Current smokers, n (%)	293 (40.4)	1875 (43.98)	0.075	280 (40.1)	307 (44.0)	0.143
Peak CK-MB (mg/dL)	127.8 ± 208.2	136.4 ± 196.5	0.278	129.4 ± 210.2	119.5 ± 141.6	0.301
Peak troponin-I (ng/mL)	39.3 ± 88.9	46.1 ± 120.4	0.178	40.4 ± 83.0	39.7 ± 59.3	0.869
NT-proBNP (pg/mL)	2141.2 ± 5100.7	1852.1 ± 4784.8	0.232	2044.5 ± 4062.4	1997.2 ± 3788.8	0.821
hs-CRP (mg/dL)	12.9 ± 36.8	9.7 ± 53.4	0.145	12.1 ± 31.3	14.1 ± 85.9	0.550
Serum creatinine (mg/L)	1.11 ± 1.03	1.10 ± 1.52	0.935	1.11 ± 1.03	1.22 ± 2.77	0.314
Serum glucose (mg/dL)	149.3 ± 48.9	150.4 ± 50.8	0.590	149.1 ± 47.6	151.4 ± 49.9	0.381
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	188.1 ± 43.4	186.9 ± 44.4	0.494	187.9 ± 43.3	185.8 ± 42.0	0.360
Triglyceride (mg/L)	117.9 ± 75.6	131.9 ± 102.2	<0.001	118.8 ± 75.7	120.3 ± 67.1	0.698
HDL cholesterol (mg/L)	45.0 ± 12.8	43.6 ± 15.4	0.020	44.8 ± 12.3	44.1 ± 15.4	0.380
LDL cholesterol (mg/L)	121.0 ± 36.7	119.5 ± 43.3	0.361	120.7 ± 38.6	118.7 ± 36.1	0.300
Discharge medications
Aspirin, n (%)	684 (94.2)	4119 (96.4)	0.004	658 (94.3)	654 (93.7)	0.653
Clopidogel, n (%)	707 (97.4)	3674 (86.0)	<0.001	680 (97.4)	680 (97.4)	1.000
Ticagrelor, n (%)	3 (0.4)	363 (8.5)	<0.001	3 (0.4)	4 (0.6)	0.705
Prasugrel, n (%)	2 (0.3)	194 (4.5)	<0.001	2 (0.3)	2 (0.3)	1.000
Cilostazol, n (%)	217 (29.9)	812 (19.0)	<0.001	197 (28.2)	213 (30.5)	0.378
BB, n (%)	573 (78.9)	3552 (83.2)	0.005	552 (79.1)	571 (81.8)	0.200
ACEI, n (%)	419 (57.7)	2311 (54.1)	0.071	396 (56.7)	393 (56.3)	0.871
ARB, n (%)	178 (24.5)	1101 (25.8)	0.472	174 (24.9)	171 (24.5)	0.901
CCB, n (%)	54 (7.4)	240 (5.6)	0.054	48 (6.9)	50 (7.2)	0.917
Lipid-lowering agents, n (%)	535 (73.7)	3673 (86.0)	<0.001	530 (75.9)	542 (77.7)	0.447

Infarct-related artery
Left main, n (%)	18 (2.5)	77 (1.8)	0.217	14 (2.0)	168 (2.3)	0.712
LAD, n (%)	363 (50.0)	2147 (50.3)	0.878	349 (50.0)	340 (48.7)	0.630
LCx, n (%)	134 (18.5)	706 (16.5)	0.199	130 (18.6)	128 (18.3)	0.890
RCA, n (%)	211 (29.1)	1341 (31.4)	0.209	204 (29.2)	213 (30.5)	0.590

Treated vessel
Left main, n (%)	25 (3.4)	127 (3.0)	0.495	21 (3.0)	24 (3.4)	0.649
LAD, n (%)	443 (61.0)	2537 (59.4)	0.411	424 (60.7)	434 (62.2)	0.582
LCx, n (%)	207 (28.5)	1106 (25.9)	0.139	197 (28.2)	191 (27.4)	0.720
RCA, n (%)	262 (36.1)	1624 (38.0)	0.320	255 (36.5)	265 (38.0)	0.580

ACC/AHA lesion type
Type B1, n (%)	113 (15.6)	580 (13.6)	0.153	110 (15.8)	115 (16.5)	0.716
Type B2, n (%)	237 (32.6)	1367 (32.0)	0.734	226 (32.4)	231 (33.1)	0.776
Type C, n (%)	266 (36.6)	1877 (43.9)	<0.001	262 (37.5)	248 (35.5)	0.436

Extent of CAD
1-vessel, n (%)	321 (44.2)	2165 (50.7)	<0.001	303 (43.4)	296 (42.4)	0.705
2-vessel, n (%)	224 (30.9)	1326 (31.0)	0.917	217 (31.1)	242 (34.7)	0.154
≥3-vessel, n (%)	181 (24.9)	780 (18.3)	<0.001	171 (24.5)	160 (22.9)	0.489

IVUS	177 (24.4)	1007 (23.6)	0.638	172 (24.6)	159 (22.8)	0.413
OCT	0 (0.0)	33 (0.8)	0.017	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	—
FFR	1 (0.1)	59 (1.4)	0.004	1 (0.1)	0 (0.0)	0.317

Stents
SES, n (%)	313 (43.1)			303 (43.4)
PES, n (%)	413 (56.9)			395 (56.6)
ZES, n (%)		1466 (34.3)			237 (34.0)
EES, n (%)		2132 (49.9)			366 (52.4)
BES, n (%)		577 (13.5)			73 (10.5)
Others, n (%)		96 (2.2)			22 (3.1)

Stent diameter (mm)	3.13 ± 0.42	3.13 ± 0.42	0.987	3.13 ± 0.41	3.14 ± 0.43	0.592
Stent length (mm)	25.9 ± 7.15	26.9 ± 11.5	0.031	25.9 ± 7.06	25.9 ± 10.0	0.907
Number of stents	1.54 ± 0.84	1.48 ± 0.80	0.051	1.54 ± 0.80	1.55 ± 0.84	0.740

Values are means ± SD or numbers and percentages. The values for categorical data were obtained from the chi-square or Fisher’s exact test. For continuous variables, differences between the two groups were evaluated with independent samples t-test. LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; STEMI: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; NSTEMI: non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention; CPR: cardiopulmonary resuscitation; CABG: coronary artery bypass graft; CVA: cerebrovascular events; HF: heart failure; CK-MB: creatine kinase myocardial band; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; BB: beta-blocker; ACEI: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB: angiotensin receptor blocker; CCB: calcium channel blockers; LAD: left anterior descending coronary artery; LCx: left circumflex coronary artery; RCA: right coronary artery; ACC/AHA: American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association; CAD: coronary artery disease; IVUS: intravascular ultrasound; OCT: optical coherence tomography; FFR: fractional flow reserve; SES: sirolimus-eluting stent; PES: paclitaxel-eluting stent; ZES: zotarolimus-eluting stent; EES: everolimus-eluting stent; BES: biolimus-eluting stent.