Evaluating the Validity of Risk Scoring in Predicting Pacemaker Rates following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Table 1
Baseline patient characteristics: post-TAVR PPM versus no PPM.
Preoperative characteristics
No PPM
PPM
value
N = 380
N = 99
Male
169 (44.6)
52 (52.5)
0.158
Age, years
82.3 ± 7.8
82.2 ± 10.5
0.960
Valve type
0.015
Self-expanding
182 (47.9)
61 (61.6)
—
Balloon-expandable
198 (52.1)
38 (38.4)
—
RBBB
29 (7.7)
30 (30.3)
<0.001
QRS duration
99.5 ± 23.7
115.3 ± 27.6
<0.001
QRS >140 ms
35 (9.2)
23 (23.2)
<0.001
Valve oversizing, %
12.91 ± 10.26
14.62 ± 9.83
0.136
Valve oversizing >16.0%
215 (56.6)
53 (53.5)
0.586
Syncope
13 (3.4)
5 (5.1)
0.447
Emory risk score
<0.001
Score = 0
178 (46.8)
32 (32.3)
—
Score = 1
159 (41.8)
32 (32.3)
—
Score = 2
23 (6.1)
12 (12.1)
—
Score = 3
14 (3.7)
15 (15.2)
—
Score = 4
6 (1.6)
8 (8.1)
—
Score = 5
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
—
STS-PROM, %
6.2 ± 6.1
6.3 ± 3.6
0.901
Operator stratification
0.692
Low risk
1 (0.3)
0 (0.0)
—
Intermediate risk
206 (54.2)
49 (50.0)
—
High risk
171 (45.0)
49 (50.0)
—
Heart failure (NYHA)
0.595
Class II
102 (26.9)
22 (22.2)
—
Class III
252 (66.5)
69 (69.7)
—
Class IV
25 (6.6)
8 (8.1)
—
Ejection fraction, %
61.8 ± 13.4
60.4 ± 13.5
0.352
Albumin, g/dL
3.9 ± 0.7
3.9 ± 0.7
0.942
Creatinine, mg/dL
1.3 ± 1.3
1.6 ± 1.7
0.079
Dialysis
13 (3.4)
4 (4.0)
0.766
Cerebrovascular disease
23 (6.1)
8 (8.1)
0.465
Peripheral artery disease
53 (13.9)
13 (13.1)
0.833
Diabetes
125 (32.9)
32 (32.3)
0.914
Body mass index
27.9 ± 5.9
28.4 ± 6.8
0.498
Continuous factors are given as mean (±standard deviation), compared using Student’s t-test. Frequency and percent are given for categorical factors, compared using the chi-square test. NYHA = New York Heart Association; PPM = permanent pacemaker implantation; RBBB = right bundle branch block; STS-PROM = Society of Thoracic Surgeons Predicted Risk of Mortality.
