Combined Catheter Ablation and Left Atrial Appendage Closure in Atrial Fibrillation Patients with and without Prior Stroke
Table 3
Outcomes at follow-up.
Stroke group N = 81
Control group N = 215
value
Average follow-up (months)
20.8 ± 7.0
20.2 ± 6.3
0.507
Peridevice leak at 45 days follow-up
Complete occlusion of LAA
66 (81.5)
165 (76.7)
0.380
Leak ≤ 5 mm
15 (18.5)
49 (22.8)
0.426
Leak > 5 mm
0 (0.0)
1 (0.5)
0.539
Device-associated thrombosis
1 (1.2)
2 (0.9)
0.816
AF-free at follow-up
Overall
52 (64.2)
147 (68.4)
0.495
Paroxysmal AF
28 (70.0)
73 (75.3)
0.525
Persistent AF
24 (58.5)
74 (62.7)
0.636
Redo ablation
15 (18.5)
32 (14.9)
0.446
Antithrombotic medications at latest follow-up
Oral anticoagulation
3 (3.7)
6 (2.8)
0.683
Dual antiplatelet therapy
5 (6.2)
20 (9.3)
0.388
Single antiplatelet therapy
67 (82.7)
172 (80.0)
0.597
None
6 (7.4)
17 (7.9)
0.866
Thromboembolic events
2 (2.5)
5 (2.3)
0.942
Ischemic stroke
2 (2.5)
5 (2.3)
0.942
Systemic embolism
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
—
Observed annualized stroke rate (%)
1.4
1.4
—
Major bleeding
2 (2.5)
8 (3.7)
0.595
Intracranial
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
—
Gastrointestinal
2 (2.5)
4 (1.9)
0.740
Pericardial
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
—
Pulmonary
0 (0.0)
1 (0.5)
0.539
Urethral
0 (0.0)
2 (0.9)
0.385
Epistaxis
0 (0.0)
1 (0.5)
0.539
Observed annualized bleeding rate (%)
1.4
2.2
—
Mortality
1 (1.2)
2 (0.9)
0.816
Cardiovascular
1 (1.2)
1 (0.5)
0.472
Noncardiovascular
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
—
Reason unknown
0 (0.0)
1 (0.5)
0.539
Values are mean ± SD or n (%) as appropriate. AF, atrial fibrillation; LAA, left atrial appendage; PVI, pulmonary vein isolation; TEE, transesophageal echocardiography.
