Sex Difference in Coronary Artery Spasm Tested by Intracoronary Acetylcholine Provocation Test in Patients with Nonobstructive Coronary Artery Disease
Table 3
Angiographic characteristics in patients with acetylcholine-induced coronary artery spasm.
Variables, N (%)
Overall patients
Matched patients
Male (n = 1575)
Female (n = 1535)
value
S.diff
Male (n = 748)
Female (n = 611)
value
S.diff
Quantitative coronary angiography; QCA
MND (mm) (during ACh test)
0.67 ± 0.35
0.73 ± 0.35
<0.01
−0.17
0.68 ± 0.36
0.74 ± 0.35
0.002
−0.17
MND (%) (during ACh test)
72.0 ± 12.0
68.0 ± 12.0
<0.01
0.31
72.1 ± 12.5
68.3 ± 13.0
<0.01
0.30
RD (mm) (after NTG injection)
2.44 ± 0.55
2.35 ± 0.83
<0.01
0.14
2.44 ± 0.53
2.37 ± 0.58
0.019
0.11
Acetylcholine dose
A1 (20 ug/min)
90 (5.7)
73 (4.8)
0.230
−0.42
42 (5.6)
43 (7.0)
0.281
0.57
A2 (50 ug/min)
561 (35.6)
523 (34.1)
0.365
−0.26
265 (35.4)
206 (33.7)
0.509
−0.29
A3 (100 ug/min)
924 (58.7)
939 (61.2)
0.154
0.32
441 (59.0)
362 (59.2)
0.914
0.04
Multivessel spasm
562 (35.7)
456 (29.7)
<0.01
−1.05
255 (34.1)
194 (31.8)
0.362
−0.41
Spasm site
Left anterior descending
1473 (93.5)
1447 (94.3)
0.387
0.08
698 (93.3)
578 (94.6)
0.326
0.13
Left circumflex
654 (41.5)
522 (34.0)
<0.01
−1.23
299 (40.0)
218 (35.7)
0.105
−0.70
Diffuse spasm
(Narrowing length >20 mm)
1352 (85.8)
1317 (85.8)
0.972
0.00
640 (85.6)
531 (86.9)
0.475
0.15
Spasm location
Prox to distal
679 (43.1)
601 (39.2)
0.025
−0.62
302 (40.4)
261 (42.7)
0.383
0.36
Mid to distal
569 (36.1)
626 (40.8)
0.008
0.75
276 (36.9)
229 (37.5)
0.825
0.10
Proximal only
115 (7.3)
117 (7.6)
0.734
0.12
54 (7.2)
49 (8.0)
0.579
0.29
Mid only
181 (11.5)
167 (10.9)
0.588
−0.18
102 (13.6)
66 (10.8)
0.114
−0.81
Distal only
31 (2.0)
24 (1.6)
0.392
−0.30
14 (1.9)
6 (1.0)
0.175
−0.74
Data are presented as N (%) or mean ± standard deviation; S.diff, standardized difference; MND, minimum narrowing diameter; ACh, acetylcholine; RD, reference diameter; NTG, nitroglycerin.
