Regulation of Phosphatidic Acid Metabolism by Sphingolipids in the Central Nervous System
Table 1
The table summarizes the principal effects produced by sphingolipids on PLA2, PLD, and LPPs enzymes.
Sphingolipid effect
Ref.
PLA2
(i) Cer and C1P regulate eicosanoid synthesis through the activation of cPLA2 by favouring its transmembrane translocation and interaction with PtdCho.
(i) Cer inhibits PLD activity by preventing its activation by PKCs and monomeric G proteins, by regulating its gene transcription or by direct effect on the catalytic core of the enzyme. Cer also abolishes the PtdOH/LysoPtdOH-stimulation of PLD.
(iii) LPPs modulate responses mediated by S1P or LysoPthOH by regulating their extracellular availability as ligands and by controlling the accumulation of bioactive lipid phosphates downstream of G-protein receptor activation.