Kelp Forests versus Urchin Barrens: Alternate Stable States and Their Effect on Sea Otter Prey Quality in the Aleutian Islands

Figure 5

MDS ordination of the contribution of sea otter prey size, abundance, biomass, and energy density to the gradient in separation of remnant kelp forest and urchin barren communities in the central and western Aleutian Islands, Alaska. Kelp forests (klp) and urchin barrens (brn) are indicated.