Limpets and Their Algal Epibionts: Costs and Benefits of Acrosiphonia spp and Ulva lactuca Growth

Table 1

RM-ANCOVA analysis of limpet drag forces per cm² of shell.

Source of variation	df	MS	𝐹	𝑃
Species	1	0.36	11.80	0.0016
Epiphyte	1	0.50	16.60	0.0003
Velocity	6	1.60	4.45	<0.0001
Species × epiphyte	1	0.16	5.26	0.0280
Velocity × species	6	0.70	3.28	0.0140
Velocity × epiphyte	6	0.70	3.26	0.0148
Velocity × species × epiphyte	6	0.53	2.48	0.0480