One-Step Synthesis of Pd-M/ZnO (M=Ag, Cu, and Ni) Catalysts by 𝛾-Irradiation and Their Use in Hydrogenation and Suzuki Reaction

Table 2

Catalytic efficiency of Pd-M/ZnO catalysts in Suzuki reaction. Reaction conditions: Pd-M/ZnO catalysts (0.4 mmol), aryl halide (3 mmol), boronic acid (6 mmol), K₃PO₄ (12 mmol), in EtOH (50 mL), at 78^∘C, for 3 hours, yield obtained from HPLC data.

Entry	Catalysts	Yield (%)	Aryl halede	Boronic acid	Product
1	Pd/C	99.5
2	Pd/ZnO	99.0
3	Pd-Ni/ZnO	99.2
4	Pd-Cu/ZnO	99.1
5	Pd-Ag/ZnO	100
6	Pd/C	95.6
7	Pd/ZnO	96.9
8	Pd-Ni/ZnO	97.1
9	Pd-Cu/ZnO	98.0
10	Pd-Ag/ZnO	98.3
11	Pd/C	37.0
12	Pd/ZnO	38.0
13	Pd-Ni/ZnO	42.8
14	Pd-Cu/ZnO	44.7
15	Pd-Ag/ZnO	40.4