Preparation of Nanoporous TiO₂ Electrodes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Table 1

Phase ratio from XRD of TiO₂ samples (A8R2 and DP-25) before (powder) and after (film) calcination, comparison of TiO₂ crystallite size (A8R2 and DP-25) of anatase (A) and rutile (R) from XRD, and particle size (A8R2 and DP-25, powder only) obtained from TEM and BET.

TiO2 Sample	Phase ratio (%)		Crystallite size (nm)		TEM (nm)	BET (nm)
A8R2 powder	80.4 (A^a)	20.0 (R^b)	14.8 (A)	26.0 (R)	16.0 (A); 30×60 (R)	13.0 (A); 56 (R)
A8R2 film	63.0 (A)	37.0 (R)	13.1 (A)	26.3 (R)
DP-25 powder	80.7 (A)	19.3 (R)	22.5 (A)	25.6 (R)	30	29
DP-25 film	73.4 (A)	26.5 (R)	22.6 (A)	27.3 (R)

aA: anatase phase. bR: rutile phase.