Design, Manufacturing, and Characterization of High-Performance Lightweight Bipolar Plates Based on Carbon Nanotube-Exfoliated Graphite Nanoplatelet Hybrid Nanocomposites

Table 2

Electrical properties of nanocomposites from Experiment 1.

wt.%	vol.%	Volume resistivity; (Ω·cm)	Volume conductivity; σ (S/cm)	Log(𝜎)
0	0	4.03×10^15±8.39×10^14	2.58×10^−16±6.05×10^−17	−15.60 ± 0.10
1	0.6	3.07×10^15±7.24×10^14	3.42×10^−16±8.38×10^−17	−15.48 ± 0.11
5	3.0	1.95×10^11±1.14×10^11	7.73×10^−12±6.12×10^−12	−11.21 ± 0.31
10	6.2	3.35×10^5±8.65×10^4	3.16×10^−6±7.86×10^−7	−5.51 ± 0.11
15	9.5	2.55×10^3±8.72×10^2	4.31×10^−4±1.40×10^−4	−3.39 ± 0.15
25	16.5	1.26×10^2±1.11×10^1	8.01×10^−3±7.23×10^−4	−2.10 ± 0.04