Effect of AZO Substrates on Self-Seeded Electrochemical Growth of Vertically Aligned ZnO Nanorod Arrays and Their Optical Properties

Figure 2

SEM images during initial ZnO nanorod growth on AZO₂₅₀ at early stages of ECD. (a) 1 min, (b) 5 min, (c) 30 min, and (d) 60 min (𝑇 = 75°C, 𝐸=−1.0 V).

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)