Research Article
Single-Molecule Sandwich Immunoassay for Quantification of Alpha-Fetoprotein Based on Evanescent Field-Enhanced Fluorescence Imaging
Table 1
Comparison of detection limits between AFP-nanoarray chips and other methods.
| | Method | Dynamic range (ng/mL) | LOD (ng/mL) | References |
| | SPR | 1.0–200 (14 pM–2.8 nM) | 0.65 (9.1 pM) | [22] | | BL immunoassay I | 0.01–100 (140 fM–1.4 nM) | 0.01 (140 fM) | [23] | | BL immunoassay II | 0.02–200 (280 fM–2.8 nM) | 0.02 (280 fM) | [28, 29] | | CRET | 5–70 (70 pM–980 pM) | 2.50 (35 pM) | [25] | | FRET inhibition assay | 0.8–45 (11.2 pM–0.63 nM) | 0.41 (5.74 pM) | [30] | | Pz immunoassay | 20–640 (280 pM–8.96 nM) | 20 (280 pM) | [31] | | EC immunoassay I | 0.5–80 (7 pM–1.12 nM) | 0.25 (3.5 pM) | [32] | | EC immunoassay II | 0.1–30 (1.4 pM–420 pM) | 0.018 (252 fM) | [33] | | EC immunoassay III | 0.01–200 (140 fM–2.8 nM) | 0.004 (56 fM) | [34] | | EC immunoassay IV | 1.0–10 (14 pM–140 pM) | 0.70 (9.8 pM) | [35] | | ECL immunoassay | 0.002–32 (28 fM–448 pM) | 0.002 (28 fM) | [36] | | CL immunoassay | 0.01–0.5 (140 fM–7 pM) | 0.005 (70 fM) | [37] | | AFP-nanoarray chip | 50 × 10−9–714.3 (720 zM–10 nM) | 50 × 10−9 (720 zM) | This work |
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Indication: SPR: surface plasmon resonance; BL: bioluminescent; CRET: chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer; FRET: fluorescence resonance energy transfer; Pz: piezoelectric; EC: electrochemical; ECL: electrogenerated chemiluminescence; CL: chemiluminescence; LOD: limit of detection.
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