Development of a Control Banding Tool for Nanomaterials

Table 1

Definition of emission potential levels (EP) depending on the physical form of the nanomaterial matrix and specific material transformations for different physical forms.

Solid	Liquid	Powder	Aerosol
EP1	EP2	EP3	EP4
Specific cases of band modification due to the natural tendency of the material or the matrix
Friable solid^1 (+2 bands)	Highly volatile liquid^2 (+1 band)	High or moderate dustiness powder^3 (+1 band)	—
Specific cases of band modification due to process operation
Dust generated by external forces^4 (+3 bands) Melting (+1 band) Dispersion in liquid (+1 band)	Powder generated by evaporation (+1/+2 band according to dustiness of the powder) Spraying (+2 bands)	Spraying (+1 band)	—

¹Material whose matrix is likely to release particles under low stress [57].
²According to INRS ND 2233 [10].
³Respirable fraction according to EN 15051 [58].
⁴External forces such as for instance, mechanical forces, electrical forces, lasers, and so forth.