Silver Nanoparticles in Alveolar Bone Surgery Devices

Table 2

Studies about membranes containing Ag NPs proposed in alveolar bone regenerative surgery.

Author, year	Type of study	DEVICE	Description of Ag NPs included	Main results
				(i) Excellent structural stability with no detectable levels of silver lost over a 1 month period
Podsiadlo et al., 2005 [72]	In vitro	Layer-by-layer assembly of nacre-like nanostructured composites with antimicrobial properties.	Ag NPs	(ii) Almost complete growth inhibition of  E.  coli over an 18 h period.
				(iii) Biocompatibility with the human osteoblast cell line
Li et al., 2012 [14]	In vitro. In vivo (animal)	Antimicrobial composite membrane with an asymmetric porous structure	Ag-nHA/TiO2/PA66	(i) In vitro: good cell (osteoblast-like cells) affinity and increase of cell attachment, migration and proliferation
				(ii) In vivo: complete closure of 5-mm bone defects created in the skull of Sprague-Dawley rats after 8 weeks of implantation.
Ye et al., 2011 [16]	In vitro	Ag-nHA-nTiO2/PA66 membrane	Ag-nHA-nTiO2/PA66	(i) No negative effects on growth of osteoblast-like cells.
				(ii) Loose porous structure of the membrane helped the adhesion and proliferation of osteoblast-like cells.
Zhang et al., 2010 [71]	In vivo (animal)	Ag-nHA-nTiO2/PA66 membrane	Ag-nHA-nTiO2/PA66	(i) Osteogenic activity comparable with e-PTFE.