Table 2: Photovoltaic characteristics of DSSCs with various stacking architectures of different TiO2 nanoparticle layers.

TiO2 electrode Peak IPCE (%)    (mA/cm2)   (V) FF Efficiency (%) T20 (8 μm) 60.02 10.28 0.79 0.68 5.48 T20 (12 μm) 71.37 11.92 0.75 0.71 6.32 T20 (16 μm) 74.32 12.71 0.70 0.67 6.01 T20 (12 μm) + RSP (4 μm) 80.75 14.85 0.77 0.71 8.11 T37 (12 μm) 71.05 11.70 0.77 0.67 6.07 T37 (12 μm) + RSP (4 μm) 79.41 14.50 0.76 0.69 7.59 T20 (6 μm) + T37 (6 μm) + RSP (4 μm) 80.12 14.81 0.75 0.69 7.65 T37 (6 μm) + T20 (6 μm) + RSP (4 μm) 86.54 15.72 0.77 0.70 8.47 D20 (6 μm) + T20 (6 μm) + RSP (4 μm) 68.82 13.06 0.77 0.68 6.83