In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Sol-Gel Derived TiO₂ Coatings Based on a Variety of Precursors and Synthesis Conditions

Table 2

Quantitative analysis of SEM-EDX and SEM-EDX spectra of stainless steel (SS 316L) and the sol-gel synthesis of titania-derived coatings: TiO₂/316L/1, TiO₂/316L/2, and TiO₂/316L/3.

Element	Pure 316L		TiO2/316L/1		TiO2/316L/2		TiO2/316L/3
	wt [%]	error	wt [%]	error	wt [%]	error	wt [%]	error
C	0.78	±0.1	1.83	±0.3	3.57	±0.5	3.33	±0.4
O	0.39	±0.1	12.13	±6.5	16.12	±7.6	20.82	±9.7
Ti	0.0	±0.0	19.18	±0.7	21.80	±0.8	31.61	±1.1
Cr	15.12	±0.5	10.11	±0.4	8.51	±0.3	5.71	±0.2
Fe	67.83	±2.0	39.02	±1.7	29.74	±1.3	19.16	±0.9
Ni	10.00	±0.3	8.30	±1.1	7.21	±1.0	4.48	±0.7
Mo	3.48	±0.1	1.28	±0.1	1.11	±0.1	0.90	±0.1