Review Article

In Vivo Imaging of Nitric Oxide by Magnetic Resonance Imaging Techniques

Table 1

Various complexes as nitric oxide biosensors and NO bioimaging contrast applications and limitations.

Complexes bound with NONO bioimaging contrast applications and limitations

(N-Methyl-D-glucamine)2-Fe(II)-NO complex EPR low contrast and MRI high contrast
5-Diethoxyphosphoryl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxideNMR imaging with good possibility
5,5-Dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO)EPR spin-trap with possibility of EPR imaging
5-Diethoxyphosphoryl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxideEPR spin-trap with possibility of EPR imaging
-Phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN)EPR spin-trap with possibility of EPR imaging
-(4-Pyridyl-1-oxide)-N-tert-butylnitrone EPR spin-trap with possibility of EPR imaging
nitroso traps: 2-methyl-2-nitrosopropane (MNP) EPR spin-trap with possibility of EPR imaging
3,5-Dibromo-4-nitrosobenzenesulfonic acidEPR spin-trap with possibility of EPR imaging
3-Carbamoyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine-1-yloxyl EPR spin-trap with possibility of EPR imaging
Dithiocarbamate derivatives (Fe-DTCs)EPR spin-trap with possibility of EPR imaging
Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) EPR spin-trap with possibility of EPR and MRI
N-Methyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate (MGD) EPR spin-trap with possibility of EPR imaging
N-(Dithiocarboxy)sarcosine (DTCS) EPR spin-trap with possibility of EPR imaging
N-Methyl-L-serine dithiocarbamate (MSD) EPR spin-trap with possibility of EPR imaging
L-Proline dithiocarbamate (ProDTC)EPR bioimaging
Disulfiram (disulfide of DETC)EPR bioimaging
Diglutathionyl dinitrosyl iron complex, DNIC-(GS)2 EPR bioimaging
Fe(III)(DTCS)3 and NO-Fe(II)(MGD)2MRI, EPR, and chemiluminescence bioimaging
Fe-DETC trapEPR imaging of cultured alveolar cell
14N ISDN or 15N ISDNEPR-CT bioimaging
Dinitrosyl dithiolate iron complexEPR-CT bioimaging
NO-Fe(DTC)2EPR-CT bioimaging
(MGD)2-Fe(II)-NO complex MRI, NMR, and EPR bioimaging
Diaminonaphthalene: DANFluorescent biosensor
Dichlorofluorescein: DCFHFluorescent biosensor
Iron(II)-quinoline pendant cyclamHeme fluorescent reporter biosensor
Co complex: Co(NO)2(RDATI) Fluorescent biosensor
Cheletropic traps: FNOCTsESR and fluorophobic bioimaging
Diaminofluoresceins: DAFs Fluorometry
Diaminorhodamines: DARsFluorometry