Review Article

Nanomaterial Synthesis Using Plasma Generation in Liquid

Table 4

Oxide NM synthesis via techniques for plasma generation in liquid.

NMsRaw materialsLiquidConfigurations and references

Mg(OH)2Mg rodSolutioniv-5: MW plasma [233]

γ-Al2O3Al rodSolutionii-5: arc-discharge (DC) [242]

γ-Al2O3, α-Al2O3Al rodSolutionii-6: arc-discharge (DC) [152]

TiO2TiCl3Solutioni-3: arc-discharge (AC) [26]
Ti(OC3H7)4Ethanoliii-1: plasma electrolytic deposition (DC) [191]
Ti foilSolutionii-4: electrochemical spark discharge (DC) [129]
Ti rodSolutionii-5: arc-discharge (DC) [137], iii-1: plasma electrolysis (DC) [174, 181], and iii-2: high-voltage discharge (DC) [195]

Ti rodSolutioniii-1: plasma discharge (DC) [183, 185]
Ti plateSolutioniii-4: solution plasma (DC) [201]

BaTiO3BaTiO3 powderSolutionii-7: arc discharge (DC) [165]

Fe3O4Fe rodSolutionii-3: pulsed plasma [117] and iii-1: solution plasma (DC) [185]

CoOCo(II) acetate tetrahydrateSolutionii-1: discharge plasma (DC, pulsed, 20 kHz) [109]

CuOCu rodSolutioni-6: arc discharge (DC) [51], ii-1: plasma-induced technique (pulsed DC) [82], ii-5: SANSS [138], and ii-6: arc discharge [152] 
iii-1: solution plasma (DC) [178]

Cu2OCu rodSolutioni-6: arc discharge (DC) [51], ii-5: SANSS [138], and iii-1: solution plasma (DC) [178]
Cu sheetSolutioni-7: microplasma (Ar) [65]

ZnOZn rodSolutionii-1: electric discharge (DC pulsed) [82, 112, 114] (DC) [113], ii-4: solution plasma (DC pulsed) [126], ii-5: submerged arc discharge (DC) [134], iii-1: solution plasma (DC) [176, 186], iv-4: MW plasma [230], and iv-5: MW plasma [233]
Zn plateSolutioniii-4: solution plasma (DC) [201]
ZnO powderSolutionii-7: arc discharge (DC) [165]
zinc acetateSolutioniv-7: MW-induced plasma [236]

ZrO2Zr rodSolutionii-5: arc discharge (DC) [136]

RuO2RuCl3NaOHi-1: dielectric barrier discharge (Ar + O2) [24]

SnOSn rodSolutioniii-1: solution plasma (DC) [180]

Ta2O5Ta rodSolutionii-5: DC arc discharge [243]

WO3W rodSolutionii-5: arc discharge (DC) [130], iv-3: RF plasma [226], and iv-5: MW plasma [234]