Research Article

Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Lung Cancer Biomarker Using Nanoporous Biosensor Based on Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Coupled with Interferometry

Figure 4

Schematic illustration of the surface functionalization steps of gold modified AAO for SAA1 antibody: (a) the formation of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of carboxyl-containing thiol followed by (b) covalent attachment of streptavidin of activated SAMs after activation with coupling (NHS/EDC) agents and finally (c) immobilization of SAA1 antibody.