Nanocrystallization of Vanadium Borophosphate Glass for Improving the Electrical and Catalytic Properties

Table 1

Peak positions, areas, and relative concentrations of V⁴⁺ and V⁵⁺ resulting from the curve fittings of the V 2p spectra of the 75V₂O₅-15B₂O₃-10P₂O₅ glasses heat-treated at 275°C.

Heating process	Peak BE	Height counts	FWHM (eV)	Area	/	/
Annealed	517.71	3353.98	1.60	5705.38	0.9033	0.0967
	516.52	390.71	1.47	611.07
275°C/1 h	517.53	3374.83	1.45	5214.94	0.8202	0.1798
	516.64	632.89	1.70	1143.24
275°C/3 h	517.74	3275.23	1.45	5052.32	0.7823	0.2177
	516.88	802.80	1.65	1406.09
275°C/5 h	517.54	2328.67	1.58	3919.33	0.7230	0.2770
	516.80	779.33	1.81	1501.61