Copper: Synthesis Techniques in Nanoscale and Powerful Application as an Antimicrobial Agent

Table 3

Characterization techniques and response for copper nanoparticles.

Characterization technique	Copper NPs
UV-Visible Spectroscopy [52]	566–580 nm
TEM, Transmission Electron Microscopy [6]	10–20 nm/elongated aggregates, spheres; 5–15 nm/rice, nanocrystals
HRTEM, High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy [30, 106, 107]	Atoms periodicity arrangement
AFM, Atomic Force Microscopy [6]	Topography
EDS/SEM, Electronic Data System/Scanning Electron Microscopy [106]	8 KeV
XRD, X-Ray Diffraction [108–110]	Diameter estimated: 5–16 nm
Raman Spectroscopy [30, 107]	Raman shift: 430, 739, 1057, 1314, 1433, and 1459 nm (±5 nm)