A Review on the Fabrication of Electrospun Polymer Electrolyte Membrane for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

Table 1

Overview on electrolyte composite membrane for fuel cell application.

Matrix Polymer	Fillers	Proton conductivity	Methanol permeability	Filler’s distribution	Type of fuel cell	Ref.
SPEEK	Cloisite 15A/TAP	Lower than Nafion 112	Significantly reduced	Partially exfoliated	DMFC	[11]
SPEEK	MMT/silicotungstic acid	Slight enhancement of proton conductivity	Suppressed	—	DMFC	[22]
PVOH	Cloisite Na^+/phosphotungstic acid	Slight decrease of ionic conductivity	~88% reduced with respect to neat polymer	Exfoliated	DMFC	[24]
SPEEK	Silica sulfuric acid (SSA)	18.6% higher than pristine SPEEK; 8.6% higher than Nafion 117	—	—	PEMFC	[80]
SPEEK	Heteropolyacids (HPA)	Higher than Nafion	—	—	PEMFC	[81]
Nafion	Organoclay, montmorillonite; (Cloisite1 10A)	Remains similar to Nafion 117	Slightly decreases compared to the Nafion 117	Exfoliated	DMFC	[82]
Nafion	Montmorillonite (MMT)	Comparable with unmodified Nafion	Significantly decreases compared to unmodified Nafion	Exfoliated	DMFC	[83]
Nafion	Laponite	Higher than commercial Nafion membrane	—	—	PEMFC	[84]