Current Development of Silver Nanoparticle Preparation, Investigation, and Application in the Field of Medicine

Figure 1

Histological and immunohistochemical staining of contaminated 0% and 2% AgNP/PLGA-coated 316L stainless steel alloy (SNPSA) implants in rat femoral canals (FCs) at 8 weeks after implantation. 10³ colony forming units (CFU) S. aureus Mu50 or P. aeruginosa PAO-1 in 10 μL phosphate buffered saline (PBS) (10⁵ CFU/mL, the typical criteria for invasive tissue infection [26]) were pipetted into the canal before implantation for bacterial invasion. Taylor-modified Brown and Brenn Gram staining (a) and Giemsa staining (b) revealed bacterial persistence (yellow dotted circles) with massive inflammatory cell infiltration (red arrowheads) in the intramedullary tissue around 0% SNPSA implants in rat FCs. In contrast, no bacterial survival was evident around 2% SNPSA implants in the same situation, and inflammatory cell infiltration in the intramedullary tissues around the implants was minimal. Moreover, only minimal bone formation around the 0% SNPSA groups was observed, whereas significant bone formation (blue arrows) was detected around 2% SNPSA implants, as shown by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining (c), Masson’s trichrome staining (d), and immunohistochemical staining of high-intensity osteocalcin signals (e). Yellow scale bar = 50 μm; red scale bar = 100 μm; white scale bar = 500 μm; black scale bar = 200 μm. Reprinted from Biomaterials, Vol. 33, Y. Liu and Z. Zheng et al., “The antimicrobial and osteoinductive properties of silver nanoparticle/poly (DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid)-coated stainless steel,” pp. 8745–8756, 2012, with permission from Elsevier.

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