Comparison of Oxidative Stresses Mediated by Different Crystalline Forms and Surface Modification of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles

Figure 7

Confocal laser scanning microscopic images of HepG2 cells exposed to TiO₂ NPs. The confocal microscopic images show condensation of chromatin and nuclear fragmentation in HepG2 cells exposed to different crystalline forms of TiO₂ NPs. (a) Control HepG2 cells without TiO₂ NPs exposure; (b) cells exposed to 10 μg/mL crystalline anatase TiO₂ NPs for 48 h; (c) cells exposed to 10 μg/mL crystalline rutile TiO₂ NPs for 48 h. The white arrows indicate apoptotic cells with nuclear fragmentation.

(a)

(b)

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