Dominating Role of Ionic Strength in the Sedimentation of Nano-TiO₂ in Aquatic Environments

Figure 1

SE of n-TiO₂ with KCl (a) and CaCl₂ (b) in different IS values, SE of n-TiO₂ in different pH values (c), and SE of n-TiO₂ with HA in different TOC concentrations (d).

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)