Recent Progress in Triboelectric Nanogenerators as a Renewable and Sustainable Power Source

Figure 14

(a) Schematic diagram of a 3D triboelectric nanogenerator [15]. (b) SEM image of the aluminum film fabricated with nanostructures nanopores. (c) A photograph of an as-fabricated 3D TENG. Dependence of the open-circuit voltage (d) under out-of-plane excitation and (e) at in-plane excitation angle of 180°. (f) Output voltages versus frequency under out-of-plane condition. (g) Photograph of energy harvesting from the line vibration. (h) Output voltage under different line swing amplitudes condition. (i) Photograph of energy harvesting from the rotation of a bicycle wheel.