Review Article
A Review on Properties, Opportunities, and Challenges of Transformer Oil-Based Nanofluids
Table 2
AC breakdown enhancement of transformer oil-based nanofluids reported in literature.
| Author/year | Method of preparation | Nanofluid | Average particle size (nm) | Concentration (vol%) | Enhancement ratio |
| Segal et al./1998 [22] | Two-step | Fe3O4/mineral oil | 10 | — | 42.8% | Sartoratto et al./2005 [27] | Two-step | Fe2O3/mineral oil | 7.4 | 0.016 | 12.8% | Du et al./2011 [28] | Two-step | TiO2/mineral oil | 20 | 0.075 | 19% | Liu et al./2012 [29] | Two-step | SiO2/mineral oil | 15 | 0.0074 | 17% | Li et al./2012 [30] | Two-step | Fe3O4/vegetable oil | 30 | — | 19.8% | Hanai et al./2013 [31] | Two-step | ZnO/mineral oil | 34 | 0.0005 | 8.3% | Rafiq et al./2016 [32] | Two-step | Fe3O4/mineral oil | 15–20 | 0.04 | 16% |
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