Origin of Ferromagnetism in Ru and N Codoped TiO₂ Nanotubes: Experiments and Theory Investigations

Figure 4

XPS of (a) Ti 2p, (b) Ru 3d, (c) O 1s, and (d) N 1s for Ru-N codoped TiO₂ nanotubes.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)