Preparations, Characterizations, and a Comparative Study on Photovoltaic Performance of Two Different Types of Graphene/TiO₂ Nanocomposites Photoelectrodes

Table 2

Crystal size and bandgap energy values of TiO₂ and graphene/TiO₂ composites.

Sample codes	Type & content of graphene		Crystallite size (nm)^#	Bandgap energy (eV)
	GO (wt%)	rGO (wt%)
TiO2	—	—	19.27	3.03
Ti@GO-01	0.01	—	19.47	2.98
Ti@GO-03	0.03	—	19.61	2.97
Ti@GO-05	0.05	—	19.81	2.98
Ti@GO-10	0.10	—	19.01	2.99
Ti@rGO-01	—	0.01	18.28	2.95
Ti@rGO-03	—	0.03	19.25	2.98
Ti@rGO-05	—	0.05	19.45	3.00
Ti@rGO-10	—	0.10	19.56	3.02

average crystal size estimated from XRD line-broadening of the TiO₂ (101) diffraction peaks.