Honey Mediated Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles: New Era of Safe Nanotechnology

Table 1

Different methods of green synthesis of nanoparticles, relevant organisms, and special characteristics of synthesized nanoparticles.

Biological resource	Types of nanoparticle synthesized	Organism/s	Size and special features
Microbial systems
Bacteria	Au	Acinetobacter sp. SW 30	20 ± 10 nm [27]
		Rhodococcus sp.	5–15 nm [28]
	Ag	Bacillus subtilis	5–60 nm [29]
		Pseudomonas stutzeri AG259	Up to 200 nm [30]
	Ag2O	Lactobacillus mindensis	2–20 nm [31]
	TiO2	Lactobacillus sp.	15–35 nm [32]
	CdS	Lactobacillus sp.	4.93 ± 0.23 nm [33]
Fungi	Ag	Aspergillus terreus	1–20 nm [34]
		Saccharomyces spp.MKY3 (yeast; strain MKY3)	2–5 nm [35]
		Fusarium oxysporum	25–50 nm [36], ~50 nm [37], 10–20 nm [38]
		Aspergillus niger	1–20 nm [39]
	TiO2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	8–20 nm [32]
	CdS	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	3.57 ± 0.21 nm [33]
Algae	Ag	Chlorella vulgaris	15–47 nm. [40]
		Polysaccharide isolated from Porphyra vietnamensis	13 ± 3 nm [41]
		Polysaccharide extracted from Pterocladia capillacea	7–18 nm [42]
		Polysaccharide extracted from Jania rubens	5–20 nm [42]
		Polysaccharide extracted from Ulva fasciata	7–24 nm [42]
		Polysaccharide extracted from Colpomenia sinuosa	15–35 nm [42]
		Turbinaria conoides	96 nm [43]
	Au	Sargassum wightii	8–12 nm [44]
	ZnO	Sargassum muticum	35–57 nm (hexagonal wurtzite structure) [45]
	Fe3O4	Sargassum muticum	18 ± 4 nm [46]
Virus	Au-Co3O4	M13 virus	Nanowires [47]
Plant systems
Leaf extracts	Au	Cassia auriculata	15–25 nm (triangular and spherical shape) [48]
	Ag, Au	Rosa rugosa	12 nm and 11 nm, respectively [49]
	Au, Ag	Aloe vera	50–350 nm and 15.2 ± 4.2 nm, respectively [50]
	Ag	Vitex negundo L. extract	10–30 nm [51]
		Argemone mexicana	30 nm [52]
		Acalypha indica	20–30 nm [53]
		Pelargonium graveolens	16–40 nm [54]
	Pd	Cinnamomum camphora	3.2–6 nm [55]
Seed extracts	Ag	Jatropha curcas	15–50 nm [56]
Latex	Ag	Jatropha curcas	10–20 nm [57]
Bulbs	Ag	Allium sativum	7.3±4.4 nm [58]
Root extracts	Au	Zingiber officinale	5–20 nm [59]
	Ag	Zingiber officinale	10–20 nm [59]
Biological material
Ascorbic acid and starch	Ag	—	17–30 nm (truncated triangle nanoplates) [60]
Honey	Au	—	~15 nm [61]
	Ag	—	18.98–26.05 nm [62]
	Pd	—	5–40 nm [63]
	Pt	—	2.2 nm [64]
	C	—	~7 nm [65]
Starch	Ag	—	10–34 nm [66]