Experimental Evaluation of Oxide Nanoparticles as Friction and Wear Improvement Additives in Motor Oil

Figure 10

Profilometric images of test tracks on the cylinder liner segment near the reversal point for (a) PAO, (b) fully formulated 5W-30, (c) PAO + TiO₂, and (d) PAO + Al₂O₃.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)