Experimental Evaluation of Oxide Nanoparticles as Friction and Wear Improvement Additives in Motor Oil

Figure 7

Profilometric line scans across the flat test track for (a) PAO, (b) fully formulated 5W-30, (c) PAO + TiO₂, and (d) PAO + Al₂O₃.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)