Research Article
Natural Transformation of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Cytotoxicity and Mutagenicity
Figure 1
Characterization of pristine and naturally transformed ZnO nanoparticles (NPs). (a) Low resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of NPs and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) measurements (indicated by the red squares) from ZnO NPs alkalized for 20 and 120 days. (b) Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of pristine and naturally transformed ZnO NPs. Orange squares indicate the specific peaks. (c) Raman scattering spectra of ZnO NPs and Zn(OH)2. (d) X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) patterns of Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6, Zn(OH)2, pristine NPs, and NPs alkalized for 60 days.
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