Overcoming Multidrug Resistance by On-Demand Intracellular Release of Doxorubicin and Verapamil

Figure 2

Characterization of in vitro release. (a) Thermal effect induced doxorubicin release from uncoated liposomes and gold liposomes under programed bulk heating from 30 to 50°C; (b) nanosecond-pulsed laser-triggered doxorubicin release as a function of laser pulse number and influence; 1-100, 1 represents pulse number and 100 represents laser pulse influence (mJ/cm²); (c) kinetics of doxorubicin release upon ns-pulsed laser irradiation (10 pulses, 100 mJ/cm²); (d) gold liposome permeability characterized by carboxyfluorescein (CF) leakage studies (10 pulses, 100 mJ/cm²).

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