Research Article
Structural Characterization and Magnetic Properties of Undoped and Ti-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles Prepared by Modified Oxalate Route
Table 4
The magnitudes of the magnetic properties obtained from the hysteresis loop.
| | Hysteresis loop | Upward part | Downward part | Average | Parameter “definition” |
| | Oe | −9999.000 | | | Coercive field, field at which change sign | | emu | | | | Remanent magnetization: at | | 0.016 | | | Squareness: | | 1.005 | | | (1 slope at ) | | emu | | | | Saturation magnetization: maximum measured | | at emu | | | | at the maximum field | | Permeability, CGS-slope [ur] | | | | Permeability calculated from slope in CGS (unit less) requires correct volume in sample dimensions | | Oe | | | | Saturation field, field at which reaches 0.95 | | Oe | | | | Maximum measured |
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