Recent Developments in Nanostructured Palladium and Other Metal Catalysts for Organic Transformation

Table 1

Palladium-based nanocatalysts for carbon-carbon coupling reactions.

Catalyst (amount)	Substrate (1 mmol)	Substrate (2 mmol)	Coupling product	Base	Solvent	(°C)	Time (h)	Reaction name	Yield (%)	Ref.
Pd-SMU-MNPs (8 mg)	PhI (1)			K2CO3	DMF	120	1.5	Heck	95^a	[42]
Fe3O4@CS-Schiff-based Pd catalyst (10 mg)	PhI (1)			Et3N	DMF	120	0.3	Heck	98^a	[43]
Stabilized Pd-NPs (1 mol%)	ArI (0.5)			CsCO3	DMF	110	2	Heck	95^a	[41]
Pd/NH2-SiO2 (0.05 mol%)	PhI (1)			K2CO3	DMF	110-120	2	Heck	95^a	[44]
Pd-PVP-Fe (0.004 g)	PhBr (1)			K2CO3	DMF	RT	0.5	Heck	91^a	[33]
OXDH-Pd-NPs (0.0091 mmol)	ArI (6.3)			Na2CO3	NMP : H2O (1 : 1)	80	0.5	Heck	97^a	[45]
Au/Pd-NPs (0.3 mol%)	PhI (1)			K2CO3	H2O	80	8	Heck	89^c	[46]
Fe3O4@SiO2/isoniazide/Pd (10 mg)	PhI (1)			K2CO3	EtOH : H2O (1 : 1)	25	0.5	Suzuki	96^a	[47]
Pd-NP-HNG (0.025 mol%)	PhI (1)			K2CO3	EtOH : H2O (1 : 1)	60	2.5	Suzuki	98^a	[48]
PdCo ANP-PPI-g-graphene (0.004 g)	PhI (1)			K2CO3	None	25	1	Sonogashira	99^b	[49]
Pd tripods (2 mol%)	PhI (0.49)			KOH	H2O	100	6	Sonogashira	93^a	[50]
Pd@MWCNTs (1 mmol%)	PhI (1)			K2CO3	MeOH : H2O (3 : 1)	Reflux	2.5	Sonogashira	71^a	[51]
Pd/NH2-SiO2 (0.05 mol%)	PhI (1)			K2CO3	EG	120	2	Sonogashira	98^a	[44]
Stabilized Pd-NPs (1 mol%)	PhI (0.5)			CsCO3	MeOH	90	22	Sonogashira	91^a	[41]