Continuous-Flow Synthesis of Thermochromic M-Phase VO₂ Particles via Rapid One-Step Hydrothermal Reaction: Effect of Mixers

Table 1

VO₂ nanoparticle samples prepared via Center T-Mixer and Collision Cross-Mixer mixing systems under various flow rates. (10, 5) represents flow rates of hot water and reactant solution of 10 mL/min and 5 mL/min. All the samples are prepared under reaction temperature of 345°C and a V⁺⁴ concentration of 0.0712 mol/L.

Sample	Mixer type	Flow rate (mL/min)
T1	T	10, 5
T2	T	5, 2.5
T3	T	4, 2
C1	Collision cross	10, 5
C2	Collision cross	5, 2.5
C3	Collision cross	4, 2