An NMR Metabolomics Approach and Detection of Ganoderma boninense-Infected Oil Palm Leaves Using MWCNT-Based Electrochemical Sensor

Table 1

Assignments of NMR signals for metabolites identified in ¹H and 2D NMR spectra of oil palm leaves extracts with corresponding multiplicity (: singlet; : doublet; : triplet; : multiplet) and scalar coupling constant ( (Hz)) values.

Peak no.	Metabolites	Chemical shift (multiplicity, )
1	Xylose	4.56 (, )
2	Sucrose	5.40 (, ), 4.16 (, ), 3.44 (, )
3	Arabinose	4.00 (), 3.92 ()
4	Fructose	4.08 (, )
5	α-Glucose	5.16 (, )
6	Alanine	1.48 (, )
7	Caffeic acid	7.16 (, )
8	Gallic acid	7.04 ()
9	Indole-3-acetic acid	3.64 ()
10	Choline	3.20 ()
11	trans-Aconitic acid	6.60 ()
12	Isobutyric acid	1.00 (, )
13	3-Aminoisobutyric acid	1.19 (, )
14	N-Acetyltyrosine	1.92 ()
15	N-Acetylcysteine	2.04 ()
16	Homocysteine	2.84 (, )
17	Tyramine	2.92 (, )
18	Biotin	6.40 ()
19	2,3,4-Trihydroxybenzoic acid	6.52 (, )
20	p-Hydroxybenzoic acid	8.01 (, )
21	β-Cryptoxanthin	1.76 (), 1.68 (), 1.12 ()
22	Kaempferol	6.76 (, )