Double-Layered Zirconia Films for Carbon-Based Mesoscopic Perovskite Solar Cells and Photodetectors

Figure 4

SEM images of (a) the perovskite layer deposited on the surface of a DL_ZrO₂ film (inset: SEM image from a different area) and (b) on the surface of a N_ZrO₂ film (80°C/1 h). (c) Distribution of grain size in the case of a DL_ZrO₂ film and (d) distribution of grain size of a N_ZrO₂ film.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)