Biological Effects of Plasma-Based Graphene Oxide Deposition on Titanium

Figure 7

In vitro effect of the graphene oxide layers on Ti. (a) Alizarin Red S staining results indicating the enhancement of the growth, attachment, and differentiation of the osteoblast cell. (b) The antibacterial effect of the plasma-treated titanium specimen with graphene oxide coating. No significant difference in antibacterial effect was observed when compared with the control (a cell culture plate).

(a)

(b)