3D Nanostructures for Tissue Engineering, Cancer Therapy, and Gene Delivery

Figure 3

Characteristics of nanoscale human tissue. Within neural tissue, the axon’s initial portion is responsible for producing future neuronal behavior and is organized on a nanoscale. This system is arranged regularly in a longitudinal direction and is placed radially. That architecture is essential for neuronal activity on a nanoscale [35]. The compact bone tissue comprises of osteons (100 mm), which are strengthened fibers shaped by aggregated type I collagen and calcium phosphate nanoparticles [34]. Myofibrils are produced in parallel, creating sarcomeres in the muscle tissue. The sarcomeres are made up of actin-consistent protein filaments and organized in conjunction with dense filaments made up of myosin aggregates. Nanoscale may be the dimensions of myofibrils, sarcomeres, and myosin. A tendon fiber comprises of a complex network of tendon fibers in the tendon tissue (50–500 nm), composed moreover of molecules of collagen (w1.3 nm) [36].