Fabrication of TiO₂ Nanotube by Electrochemical Anodization: Toward Photocatalytic Application

Figure 2

SEM top images and cross-sections of nanotube layers grown in glycerol-distilled water (92 : 8% ) and NH₄F (0.4 M) for 60 min at different anodizing potentials: (a) 30 V, (b) 40 V, (c) 50 V, and (d) 60 V.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)