Simultaneous Voltammetric Determination of Uric Acid, Xanthine, and Hypoxanthine Using CoFe₂O₄/Reduced Graphene Oxide-Modified Electrode

Table 3

Comparison of the proposed method with other electrochemical approaches for the simultaneous determination of UA, XA, and HX.

Electrode modifier	Analytes	Linear range (μM)	LOD (μM)	References
Ru (DMSO)4Cl2 nanoaggregated Nafion	UA	100–700	0.372	[7]
	XA	50–500	2.35
	HX	50–300	2.37
Preanodized nontronite	UA	2.0–40	0.42	[6]
	XA	2.0–40	0.07
	HX	4.0–30	0.34
Poly(bromocresol purple)	UA	0.5–120	0.20	[8]
	XA	0.1–100	0.06
	HX	20–80	0.12
Poly-(L-arginine)/graphene composite	UA	0.1–10	0.05	[41]
	XA	0.1–10	0.05
	HX	0.2–20	0.1
Pyrolytic graphite	UA	10–500	10	[42]
	XA	10–500	10
	HX	10–500	10
CoFe2O4/rGO	UA	2–10	0.767	The present work
	XA	2–10	0.650	The present work
	HX	2–10	0.506	The present work