Synthesis and Application of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Bone Tissue Repair

Table 2

Types of materials for the attachment platform of IONPs.

Types of nanomaterials	Description	Size (nm)	Applications	Reference
Lipid	Small hydrophobic or amphiphilic molecules	<100	Nanocarriers for anticancer; Drug doxorubicin; Osteoblastic bone formation; Osteoporosis treatment	[67–70]
Liposome	Same bilayer structure as the skin cell membrane structure and excellent moisturizing effect on the skin	>25	High encapsulation of hydrophilic; Drug delivery; Growth factor delivery; Therapeutic gene delivery; Used as a template	[71–73]
Dendrimers	Organic molecules with dendritic structure	<10	Multidrug delivery system	[71, 74, 75]
Chitosan	A natural nontoxic linear biopolymer	20-200	Scaffolds; Drug delivery; Support chondrocyte adhesion; Implant coating; Osteogenic differentiation	[76–80]
Collagen	The main structural protein of soft and hard tissues in living organisms	—	Drug delivery; Scaffolds	[81]
Gelatin	Derivatives of collagen	<200	Scaffolds; Drug-loaded gelatin nanoparticles; Promote cell growth	[82, 83]
PLGA	A degradable functional polymer organic compound	100-250	Drug delivery; Scaffolds; Nanostructured film; Enhanced cell attachment and growth; Promote gene expression	[84–87]
Carbon nanotubes	With cylindrical or tapered structure of different diameters and lengths	20-100	Drug delivery; Biosensing; Scaffolds	[88–91]