Photoassisted Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Riceberry Rice Extract and Their Antibacterial Application

Table 1

AgNPs synthesized by RB extract in comparison with different rice variety, plant part, and techniques.

Rice variety	Part	Synthesis techniques	Synthesized conditions	Characteristics of AgNPs
				Particle size (nm)	Shape
RB	Grain	Plant-based-reducing agent under photoirradiation	(1) AgNO3 (50 mM) to the extract (0.1% ) ratio of 1 : 12.5; (2) Room temperature under 1 sun; (3) Reaction time 30 min; (4) pH 2.5 (crystalline form)	(measurement based on SEM images)	Sphere and hexagon
RNR-15048 [34]	Leaf	Plant-based-reducing agent with autoclaving	(1) AgNO3 (0.6 mM) to the extract (0.4%); (2) Temperature 121°C under autoclaving condition; (3) Reaction time 30 min; (4) pH: no data	110.8 (measured using a zeta sizer)	Sphere
Jasmine rice [33]	Bran; Husk; Germ	Plant-based-reducing agent	(1) AgNO3 (0.1 M) to the extract ratio of 100 : 1; (2) Temperature 75°C; (3) Reaction time 60 min; (4) pH: no data	(measured using a dynamic light scattering analyzer)	No data
Japonica, Kaohsiung 145 [35]	Husk	Plant-based-reducing agent	(1) AgNO3 (0.001 M) to the extract ratio of 10 : 1; (2) Temperature 25°C; (3) Reaction time 60 min; (4) pH 10	<15 (measurement based on TEM images)	Sphere