Uptake, Translocation, and Consequences of Nanomaterials on Plant Growth and Stress Adaptation

Table 2

The positive responses of nanomaterials on plant growth.

Nanomaterials	Concentration	Size (nm)	Effects on plants	Crops	References
CuO	500 mg kg^-1 sand culture		Increased biomass	Triticum aestivum	[60]
SiO2	5 mM	4-10	Increased shoot biomass and grain weight	Oryza sativa	[104]
SWCNT	325, 1750 mg L^-1	8	Increased the root length	Onion and cucumber	[105]
MWCNT	49 μg mL^-1		Uptake nutrients (Zn, Mn, K, Ca, and Fe)	Lycopersicon esculentum	[106]
TiO2	0.01-0.05%	4-6	Enhanced growth, increased glutamate dehydrogenase, and glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity	Spinach	[107]
TiO2	300-1000 mg L^-1	30	Inhibition of hydraulic conductivity	Zea mays	[108]
TiO2	1000 mg L^-1		Chlorophyll content	T. aestivum	[109]
Activated carbon-based TiO2	0-500 mg L^-1	30-50	Improved germination	Tomato	[110]
ZnO	20 ppm foliar spray	1.2-6.8	Increased biomass	Mung bean	[111]