Mycosynthesis and Physicochemical Characterization of Vanadium Oxide Nanoparticles Using the Cell-Free Filtrate of Fusarium oxysporum and Evaluation of Their Cytotoxic and Antifungal Activities

Figure 5

The FTIR spectrum of fungal cell-free filtrate, NH₄VO₃, and V₂O₅NPs mycosynthesized by extracellular fungal filtrate. For fungal cell-free filtrate, the peak at 3364 cm^-1 was associated with N-H stretching, peak at 2521 cm^-1 with S-H stretching, peaks at 2200 cm^-1 with C≡C stretching, peaks at 1940 and 1797 cm^-1 with C-H bending, and peaks at 1434 and 1316 cm^-1 with O-H bending. For mycosynthesized V₂O₅NPs, the peak at 3403 cm^-1 was associated with N-H stretching, peak at 2521 cm^-1 with S-H stretching, peaks at 2090 cm^-1 with C≡C stretching, peak at 1759 cm^-1 with C-H bending, and peak at 1311 cm^-1 with O-H bending. It was also confirmed that the carbonyl group from the protein and amino acid had stronger ability to bind with V₂O₅NPs or act as capping and stabilizing agents.