Antimicrobial Properties of Silver Nitrate Nanoparticle and Its Application in Endodontics and Dentistry: A Review of Literature

Table 2

The antimicrobial action of Ag NPs.

Antibacterial action	Antiviral action	Antifungal action
(i) Effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria; (ii) Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Ag NPs is in approximately 0.003 mg/mL for Fusobacterium nucleatum; (iii) 0.04 mg/mL for Streptococcus mutans and 0.5 mg/mL for Actinomyces oris; (iv) Concentration of 50–60 μg cm^−3 of Ag NPs causes 100% prevention of bacterial growth Escherichia coli; (v) Ag NPs in the range of 1-10 nm with direct contact with cell membrane surface change the permeability and causes cell damage	(i) Effective against Candida albicans, Fusarium oxysporum; (ii) Attach with the superficial proteins of viruses inhibiting their binding and replication	(i) Effective against arenavirus, HIV, murine norovirus, hepatitis B virus; (ii) Ag NP action against Candida albicans could be destruction of cell membrane preventing the growth of cell; (iii) Concentration of 1 μg/mL of Ag NPs included in resins have shown strong antifungal action without any cytotoxicity