The Effect of Internalized Paramagnetic Nanoparticles on Caenorhabditis elegans Locomotion in the Presence of Magnetic Field

Figure 2

Characterization of the magnetic field (MF) around the 1 μm nanoparticles for two different configurations. The direction of magnetic moment for both configurations is along the x-axis, as is shown in Figure 6. The magnetic moment of the particles is assumed to be similar and equal to the maximum value that is computed from the COMSOL Multiphysics simulations in the plate. (a) The MF flux density around three paramagnetic particles in the vertical configuration, i.e., along the y-axis. The arrows indicate the direction of the MF. (b) The largest component of the gradient of the MF for the vertical configuration of the paramagnetic particles. (c) The MF flux density norm around three paramagnetic particles in the horizontal configuration, i.e., along the x-axis. The arrows indicate the direction of the MF. (d) The largest component of the gradient of the MF for the horizontal configuration of the paramagnetic particles. (e) The forces between two particles in each configuration. (f) The magnetic moment of the external MF, which the particles experience once inside the MF.

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