Utilization of Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials in Biodiesel Production and Property Enhancement

Table 3

Reusability conversion yield (%) of different nanocatalysts to produce biodiesel [69].

Nanocatalyst	Oil source	Biodiesel yield (%)	Number of cycles	Reusability conversion yield (%)
MgO/MgFe2O4	Sunflower oil	91.2	5	82.4
KF/CaO–Fe3O4	Stillingia oil	95	14	>90
SiO2/ZrO2	Soybean oil	96.2 ± 1.4	6	84.1
CaO	Crude jatropha oil	98.54	6	95.8
Fe–Mn–SO4/ZrO2	Tannery waste	96.6	4	>90
Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4	Soybean oil	99.54	3	98.45
CaO_Au	Sunflower	97	10	89